Oakland Athletics | |||
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Established | 1901 | ||
Based in Oakland since 1968 | |||
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Major league affiliations | |||
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Current uniform | |||
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Retired numbers | 9, 24, 27, 34, 42, 43, (A's) | ||
Colors | |||
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Name | |||
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(Referred to as "A's") |
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Other nicknames | |||
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Ballpark | |||
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Major league titles | |||
World Series titles (9) | 1989 • 1974 • 1973 • 1972 1930 • 1929 • 1913 • 1911 1910 |
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AL Pennants (15) | 1990 • 1989 • 1988 • 1974 1973 • 1972 • 1931 • 1930 1929 • 1914 • 1913 • 1911 1910 • 1905 • 1902 |
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West Division titles (14) [1] | 2006 • 2003 • 2002 • 2000 1992 • 1990 • 1989 • 1988 1981 • 1975 • 1974 • 1973 1972 • 1971 |
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Wild card berths (1) | 2001 | ||
[1] – In 1994, a players' strike wiped out the last eight weeks of the season and all post-season. Oakland was one game out of first place in the West Division (despite being 12 games under .500) behind Texas when play was stopped. No official titles were awarded in 1994. |
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Owner(s): John Fisher [1], Lew Wolff | |||
Manager: Bob Geren | |||
General Manager: Billy Beane |
The Oakland Athletics are a Major League Baseball team based in Oakland, California. The Athletics are a member of the Western Division of Major League Baseball's American League. From 1968 to the present, the Athletics have played in the Oakland Coliseum.
The "Athletics" name originates from the late 19th century "athletic clubs", specifically the Athletic (Baseball Club) of Philadelphia. They are most prominently nicknamed "the A's", in reference to the Gothic script "A", a trademark of the team and the old Athletics of Philadelphia. This has gained very prominent use, and in some circles is used more frequently than the full "Athletics" name. They are also known as "the White Elephants" or simply "the Elephants", in reference to then New York Giants' manager John McGraw's calling the team a "white elephant". This was embraced by the team, who then made a white elephant the team's mascot, and often incorporated it into the logo or sleeve patches. During the team's 1970s heyday, management often referred to the team as The Swingin' A's, referencing both their prodigious power and to connect the team with the growing disco culture.
One of the American League's eight charter franchises, the club was founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1901 as the Philadelphia Athletics. The team had some prominent success in Philadelphia, winning 3 of 4 World Series from 1910 to 1914 (the "First Dynasty") and two in a row in 1929 and 1930 (the "Second Dynasty"). The team's owner and manager for its first 50 years was Connie Mack, and its Hall-of-Fame players included Chief Bender, Frank "Home Run" Baker, Jimmie Foxx, and Lefty Grove. After two decades of decline, however, the team left Philadelphia for Kansas City in 1955 and became the Kansas City Athletics. After 13 mostly uneventful seasons in the Midwest, the team moved to Oakland in 1968. There a "Third Dynasty" soon emerged, with three World Championships in a row from 1972 to 1974 led by players including Catfish Hunter and Reggie Jackson and colorful owner Charlie O. Finley. Finally, a "Fourth Dynasty" won three consecutive pennants and the 1989 World Series behind Mark McGwire, Jose Canseco, and Dennis Eckersley.
In more recent years, the A's have often been playoff contenders but have not returned to the World Series since 1990. They have become known for the efforts of general manager Billy Beane to get maximum value out of limited financial resources, as described in the widely-read book Moneyball.
The Athletics' name originated in the term "Athletic Club" for local gentlemen's clubs—dates to 1860 when an amateur team, the Athletic (Club) of Philadelphia, was formed. (A famous image from that era, published in Harper's Weekly in 1866, shows the Athletic players dressed in uniforms displaying the familiar blackletter "A" on the front). The team later turned professional through 1875, becoming a charter member of the National League in 1876, but were expelled from the N.L. after one season. A later version of the Athletics played in the American Association from 1882–1891.
The team name is typically pronounced "Ath-LET-ics", but their longtime team owner/manager Connie Mack called them by the old-fashioned colloquial Irish pronunciation "Ath-uh-LET-ics". Newspaper writers also often referred to the team as the Mackmen during their Philadelphia days, in honor of their patriarch.
Through the seasons, the Athletics' uniforms have usually paid homage to their amateur forebears to some extent. Until 1954, when the uniforms had "Athletics" spelled out in script across the front, the team's name never appeared on either home or road uniforms. Furthermore, not once did "Philadelphia" appear on the uniform, nor did the letter "P" appear on the cap or the uniform. The typical Philadelphia uniform had only an "A" on the left front, and likewise the cap usually had the same "A" on it. In the early days of the American League, the standings listed the club as "Athletic" rather than "Philadelphia", in keeping with the old tradition. Eventually, the city name came to be used for the team, as with the other major league clubs.
Though for a time as a Kansas City team, the "A"s wore "Kansas City" on their road jerseys and an interlocking "KC" on the cap, upon moving to Oakland the "A" cap emblem was restored, although in 1970 an "apostrophe-s" was added to the cap and uniform emblem to reflect the fact that then-team owner Charles O. Finley was in the process of officially changing the team's name to the "A's".
Also while in Kansas City, owner Charles O. Finley changed the team's colors from their traditional red, white and blue to what he termed "Kelly Green, Wedding Gown White and Fort Knox Gold". It was also here that he began experimenting with dramatic uniforms to match these bright colors, such as gold sleeveless tops with green undershirts and gold pants. The innovative uniforms only increased after the team's move to Oakland, which also came at the time of the introduction of polyester pullover uniforms. During their dynasty years in the 1970s, the A's had dozens of uniform combinations with jerseys and pants in all three team colors, and in fact did not wear the traditional gray on the road, instead wearing green or gold, which helped to contribute to their nickname of "The Swingin' A's". After the team's sale to the Haas family, the team began a move back to more traditional uniforms.
Currently, the team wears home uniforms with "Athletics" spelled out in script writing and road uniforms with "Oakland" spelled out in script writing, with the cap logo consisting of the traditional "A" with "apostrophe-s". The home cap is green with a gold bill and white lettering, while the road cap is all green with gold lettering.
The nickname "A's" has long been used interchangeably with "Athletics", dating to the team's early days when headline writers wanted a way to shorten the name. From 1972 through 1980, the team nickname was officially "Oakland A's," although, during that time, the Commissioner's Trophy, given out annually to the winner of baseball's world series, still listed the team's name as the "Oakland Athletics" on the gold-plated pennant representing the Oakland franchise. According to Bill Libby's Book, Charlie O and the Angry A's, owner Charlie O. Finley banned the word "Athletics" from the club's name because he felt that name was too closely associated with former Philadelphia Athletics owner Connie Mack, and he wanted the name "Oakland A's" to become just as closely associated with himself. The name also vaguely suggested the name of the old minor league Oakland Oaks, which were alternatively called the "Acorns". New owner Walter Haas restored the official name to "Athletics" in 1981, but retained the nickname "A's" for marketing purposes. At first, the word "Athletics" was restored only to the club's logo, underneath the much larger stylized-"A" that had come to represent the team since the early days. By 1987, however, the word returned, in script lettering, to the front of the team's jerseys.
The A's are the only MLB team to wear white cleats, both at home and on the road, another tradition dating back to the Finley ownership.
After New York Giants' manager John McGraw told reporters that Philadelphia manufacturer Benjamin Shibe, who owned the controlling interest in the new team, had a "white elephant on his hands," Mack defiantly adopted the white elephant as the team mascot, and presented McGraw with a stuffed toy elephant at the start of the 1905 World Series. McGraw and Mack had known each other for years, and McGraw accepted it graciously. By 1909, the A's were wearing an elephant logo on their sweaters, and in 1918 it turned up on the regular uniform jersey for the first time. Over the years the elephant has appeared in several different colors. It is currently forest green. The A’s are still sometimes, though infrequently, referred to as the "Elephants" or "White Elephants".
The elephant was retired as team mascot in 1963 by then-owner Charles O. Finley in favor of a Missouri mule (it was also rumored to have been done by Finley in order to attract fans from the then heavily Democratic constituents of Missouri by replacing the traditional Republican mascot to one associated with Democrats). In 1988, the elephant was restored as the symbol of the Athletics and currently adorns the left sleeve of home and road uniforms. The Elephant Mascot returned briefly in the mid eighties, under the name Harry Elephante. In 1997, the elephant returned, taking its current form: Stomper.
The Oakland Coliseum was originally built as a multi-purpose facility. Louisiana Superdome officials pursued negotiations with Athletics officials during the 1978–1979 baseball off-season about moving the Athletics to the Superdome in New Orleans. The Athletics were unable to break their lease at the Coliseum, and remained in Oakland.[1]
After the Oakland Raiders football team moved to Los Angeles in 1982, many improvements were made to what was suddenly a baseball-only facility. The 1994 movie Angels in the Outfield was filmed in part at the Coliseum.
Then, in 1995, a deal was struck whereby the Raiders would move back to Oakland for the 1995 season. The agreement called for the expansion of the Coliseum to 63,026 seats. The bucolic view of the Oakland foothills that baseball spectators enjoyed was replaced with a jarring view of an outfield grandstand contemptuously referred to as "Mount Davis" after Raiders' owner Al Davis. Because construction was not finished by the start of the 1996 season, the Athletics were forced to play their first six-game homestand at 9,300-seat Cashman Field in Las Vegas.[2]
Although official capacity was stated to be 43,662 for baseball, seats were sometimes sold in Mount Davis as well, pushing "real" capacity to the area of 60,000. The ready availability of tickets on game day made season tickets a tough sell, while crowds as high as 30,000 often seemed sparse in such a venue. On December 21, 2005, the Athletics announced that seats in the Coliseum's third deck would not be sold for the 2006 season, but would instead be covered with a tarp, and that tickets would no longer be sold in Mount Davis under any circumstances. That effectively reduced capacity to 34,077, making the Coliseum the smallest stadium in Major League Baseball.
The Athletics are one of only two MLB teams in the United States still sharing a stadium with an NFL team, the other being the Florida Marlins, who share Sun Life Stadium with the Miami Dolphins. By 2012, the A's will be the only American team sharing their facility, due to the Marlins' move into their new ballpark at the former site of the Orange Bowl. This does not include Toronto's Rogers Centre, which the Blue Jays share with the Canadian Football League's Toronto Argonauts, and which is also used by the Buffalo Bills on occasion.
After the city of Oakland failed to make any progress toward a stadium, the A's began contemplating a move to the Warm Springs district of suburban Fremont. Fremont is about 25 miles south of Oakland; many nearby residents are already a part of the current Athletics fanbase.
On November 7, 2006, many media sources announced the Athletics would be leaving Oakland as early as 2010 for a new stadium in Fremont, confirmed the next day by the Fremont City Council. The team would have played in what was planned to be called Cisco Field, a 32,000-seat, baseball-only facility.[3] The proposed ballpark would have been part of a larger "ballpark village" which would have included retail and residential development. On February 24, 2009, however, Lew Wolff released an open letter regarding the end of his efforts to relocate the A's to Fremont.[4]
As of February 26, 2009 the city of San Jose is expected to open negotiations with the team. Although parcels of land south of Diridon Station are being acquired by the city as a stadium site, the San Francisco Giants' claim on Santa Clara County as part of their home territory would have to be dealt with before any agreement could be made.[5] Any movement into the Giants territory would require the consent of three quarters of all 30 Major League Baseball owners.
If negotiations within the Bay Area fail, Sacramento is considered a possible destination for the team.[6] Sacramento is the home of the team's AAA affiliate, the River Cats. The River Cats' stadium, Raley Field, would need significant construction to increase seating capacity to accommodate a major league team, but would probably not need to be demolished.[7]
The Angels have emerged as the principal rival of the A's due to the traditional animosity between Northern and Southern California and the great talent and farm systems of both clubs which have led to countless one-run contests. While the A's have been a member of the American League since 1901, the Angels, as well as their other divisional rivals, are of a more recent vintage. The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim date from 1961, as do the Texas Rangers (but only since 1972 as a Dallas-Fort Worth team; the Rangers were the second incarnation of the expansion Washington Senators, who played in the nation's capital from 1961–71 and replaced the original Washington Senators, who played from 1901-60 before becoming the Minnesota Twins). The Seattle Pilots existed for one season, 1969, before becoming the Milwaukee Brewers, and the Seattle Mariners were organized in 1977.
The A's have also established a strong geographic rivalry with the San Francisco Giants. It is generally acceptable in Northern California (unlike in other two-franchise baseball markets like New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago) to identify oneself as a fan of both baseball teams. The teams faced each other in the 1989 World Series, which the A's won in a four-game sweep, interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake. During that series, caps were sold with both team's insignias on the front, and the respective colors making up half the hat.
The Giants and A's also enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century prior to the emergence of the Yankees when the Giants were in New York and the A's were in Philadelphia. The teams were managed by managing legends John McGraw and Connie Mack, who were friendly rivals and considered to be the premier managers during that era. Each team played in 5 of the first 15 World Series (tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period). The Giants and A's met in 3 World Series, with the Giants winning in 1905, and the A's emerging victorious in 1911 and 1913.
After a decade-plus of inter-league play that began in the 1990s, the A's hold a 43–39 edge against the Giants head-to-head through June 13, 2010[8]. In addition, the A's have played in six World Series (winning four of them) since moving to Oakland in 1968, while the Giants have only been to three World Series (losing all three) since moving to San Francisco in 1958. When factoring in the World Series match-ups between the two franchises (dating back to 1905), the A's hold the all-time edge over the Giants in head-to-head play, winning 56 games and losing 43 times—the Giants won the 1905 World Series four games to one, while the A's won the 1911 World Series (4–2), the 1913 World Series (4–1) and the 1989 World Series (4–0).
The A's have a history with the Minnesota Twins as well. Between 1987–92, the A's and Twins combined to win six consecutive American League West titles and reach the World Series five times. Oakland finished second to Minnesota in 1987, while the Twins placed second to the Division champion A's the following year. Recent events that have taken place between the A's and the Minnesota Twins suggest a renewing of an old rivalry. In 2002 the Twins snapped the A's 20-game win streak. The Twins also beat the heavily favored A's that year in the ALDS. The A's got revenge in 2006 when they swept the favored Twins out of the post season, defeating their two-time Cy Young ace Johan Santana in Game One en route to a 3-0 series win in the AL Divisional round.
City Series Renewed: The Athletics played their former co-occupants of Shibe Park, the Philadelphia Phillies, for the first time in a regular season game in June 2003. Previously they had only played each other in exhibition games, dubbed "The City Series", which was played annually from 1903–1954, with the A's winning 123 games to the Phils' 115, with two ties. Ceremonies were held for the first game of the 3 game series at Veterans Stadium, as former Philadelphia A's players were honored on the field. The Phillies took the series against the A's, 2–1. They played each other again in June 2005 in Oakland, this time the White Elephants defeating their former rivals two games to one. The Phillies returned to Oakland in 2008, losing 2 out of 3 to the home town team.
During the 1970s, the A's established a strong rivalry with the Kansas City Royals (then an A.L. West team), fueled by the Kansas City fans' resentment of the A's move to Oakland in 1968, and by the rivalry of the Oakland Raiders and Kansas City Chiefs football teams. Arguably, the Athletics' biggest American League rivals in recent years have been the teams that were their old traditional rivals from decades ago in Philadelphia—the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox—if only because of the hard-fought playoff games between the teams.
This table is a partial list of the seasons completed by the Athletics. For full season records see List of Oakland Athletics seasons.
Season | Wins | Losses | Win % | Place | Playoffs |
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2000 | 91 | 70 | .565 | 1st in AL West | Lost ALDS to New York Yankees, 2–3. |
2001 | 102 | 60 | .630 | 2nd in AL West | Lost ALDS to New York Yankees, 2–3. |
2002 | 103 | 59 | .636 | 1st in AL West | Lost ALDS to Minnesota Twins, 2–3. |
2003 | 96 | 66 | .593 | 1st in AL West | Lost ALDS to Boston Red Sox, 2–3. |
2004 | 91 | 71 | .562 | 2nd in AL West | |
2005 | 88 | 74 | .543 | 2nd in AL West | |
2006 | 93 | 69 | .574 | 1st in AL West | Won ALDS vs. Minnesota Twins, 3–0. Lost ALCS vs. Detroit Tigers, 0–4. |
2007 | 76 | 86 | .469 | 3rd in AL West | |
2008 | 75 | 86 | .466 | 3rd in AL West | |
2009 | 75 | 87 | .463 | 4th in AL West | |
All-Time Record | 8189 | 8671 | .486 |
The Spring Training Facility in Phoenix AZ has been the home of the Oakland A's since 1982. Previous Spring training sites since they moved to Oakland in 1968 was Yuma, Arizona and Las Vegas, Nevada both in the 1970s.
40-man roster | Spring Training non-roster invitees |
Coaches/Other | |||||||
Pitchers
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Catchers
Infielders
Outfielders
Designated hitters
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Pitchers
Outfielders
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Manager
Coaches
60-day disabled list
* Not on active roster |
Oakland Athletics Hall of Famers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Oakland Athletics Ford C. Frick Award recipients | |||||||||
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Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum | |||||||||
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The numbers honored are as follows:
Reggie Jackson Outfielder: 1967(KC) 1968–75,87(OAK) Retired 2004 |
![]() Rickey Henderson Outfielder: 1979–84, 1989–93, 1994–95, 1998(OAK) Retired 2009 |
Catfish Hunter Pitcher: 1965–67(KC) 1968–74(OAK) Retired 1990 |
Rollie Fingers Pitcher: 1968–76(OAK) Retired 1993 |
Dennis Eckersley Pitcher: 1987–95(OAK) Retired 2005 |
Walter A. Haas, Jr. Owner: 1981–95(OAK) Honored 1995 |
Jackie Robinson Retired by all of MLB Retired 1997 |
No A's player from the Philadelphia era has his number retired by the organization. Though Jackson and Hunter played small portions of their careers in Kansas City, no player that played the majority of his years in the Kansas City era has his number retired either. As of 2009, the A's have retired only the numbers of members of the Hall of Fame that played large portions of their careers in Oakland.
The A's retired Rickey Henderson's #24 jersey on August 1, 2009.[9]
The Athletics have made no public notation at the Oakland Coliseum honoring Philadelphia Athletics players. But from 1978–1982 and 1984–2003, the Philadelphia Phillies inducted one former Athletic (as well as one former Phillie) per year into the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame at Veterans Stadium. (The Wall of Fame plaques that once graced the concourse of Veterans Stadium are now located at the Philadelphia Athletics Historical Society, located at 6 North York Road in Hatboro, Pennsylvania, about 16 miles north of Center City Philadelphia.)
Mack, Foxx, Grove and Cochrane have also been inducted into the Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame.
Level | Team | League | Location |
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AAA | Sacramento River Cats | Pacific Coast League | West Sacramento, CA |
AA | Midland RockHounds | Texas League | Midland, TX |
Advanced A | Stockton Ports | California League | Stockton, CA |
A | Kane County Cougars | Midwest League | Geneva, IL |
Short Season A | Vancouver Canadians | Northwest League | Vancouver, BC |
Rookie | AZL Athletics | Arizona League | Phoenix, AZ |
As of 2009, the Athletics' flagship radio station is KTRB 860 AM.[10] The current announcing team is Ken Korach and Vince Cotroneo.
Television coverage is exclusively on Comcast SportsNet California. Some A's games air on an alternate feed of CSN, called CSN Plus, if the main channel shows a Sacramento Kings game at the same time. On TV, Glen Kuiper covers play-by-play, and Ray Fosse provides color commentary. Fosse also does color commentary on the radio when the A's are not on TV, or the game is on Fox or ESPN. Fosse also does play by play on the radio during Spring training games.
Preceded by Pittsburgh Pirates 1909 |
World Series Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1910 and 1911 |
Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1912 |
Preceded by Boston Red Sox 1912 |
World Series Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1913 |
Succeeded by Boston Braves 1914 |
Preceded by New York Yankees 1927 and 1928 |
World Series Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1929 and 1930 |
Succeeded by St. Louis Cardinals 1931 |
Preceded by Pittsburgh Pirates 1971 |
World Series Champions Oakland Athletics 1972 and 1973 and 1974 |
Succeeded by Cincinnati Reds 1975 |
Preceded by Los Angeles Dodgers 1988 |
World Series Champions Oakland Athletics 1989 |
Succeeded by Cincinnati Reds 1990 |
Preceded by Chicago White Sox 1901 |
American League Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1902 |
Succeeded by Boston Americans 1903 |
Preceded by Boston Americans 1903 |
American League Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1905 |
Succeeded by Chicago White Sox 1906 |
Preceded by Detroit Tigers 1907 and 1908 and 1909 |
American League Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1910 and 1911 |
Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1912 |
Preceded by Boston Red Sox 1912 |
American League Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1913 and 1914 |
Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1912 and 1916 |
Preceded by New York Yankees 1926 and 1927 and 1928 |
American League Champions Philadelphia Athletics 1929 and 1930 and 1931 |
Succeeded by New York Yankees 1932 |
Preceded by Baltimore Orioles 1969 and 1970 and 1971 |
American League Champions Oakland Athletics 1972, 1973 and 1974 |
Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1975 |
Preceded by Minnesota Twins 1987 |
American League Champions Oakland Athletics 1988 and 1989 and 1990 |
Succeeded by Minnesota Twins 1991 |
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Oakland Athletics franchise | |||
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Triple-A | Double-A | Class A | Rookie |
Sacramento River Cats | Midland RockHounds |
Stockton Ports Burlington Bees Vermont Lake Monsters |
AZL Athletics DSL Athletics |
AL | East | Central | West |
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Baltimore Orioles | Chicago White Sox | Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim | |
Boston Red Sox | Cleveland Indians | Oakland Athletics | |
New York Yankees | Detroit Tigers | Seattle Mariners | |
Tampa Bay Rays | Kansas City Royals | Texas Rangers | |
Toronto Blue Jays | Minnesota Twins | ||
NL | East | Central | West |
Atlanta Braves | Chicago Cubs | Arizona Diamondbacks | |
Florida Marlins | Cincinnati Reds | Colorado Rockies | |
New York Mets | Houston Astros | Los Angeles Dodgers | |
Philadelphia Phillies | Milwaukee Brewers | San Diego Padres | |
Washington Nationals | Pittsburgh Pirates | San Francisco Giants | |
St. Louis Cardinals | |||
Postseason: World Series · ALCS · NLCS · ALDS · NLDS | |||
All-Star Game · World Baseball Classic · MLB awards · Hall of Fame · MLBPA · TV contracts · Timeline of Major League Baseball · MLB logo · Baseball year-by-year · Minor leagues · Federal League · History of baseball · Relocation of the 1950's-1960's · Tie-breakers |
American League | ||
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East Division
Peter Angelos (Baltimore Orioles) |
Central Division
Jerry Reinsdorf (Chicago White Sox) |
West Division
Arte Moreno (Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim) |
National League | ||
East Division
Liberty Media (Atlanta Braves) |
Central Division
Thomas S. Ricketts (Chicago Cubs) |
West Division
Ken Kendrick (Arizona Diamondbacks) |
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